Parakeet Eye Changes As They Age
When parakeets are very young, their eyes are mostly pupil - i.e. they look solid black. Here's a photo of Nazo when she was a baby.
As parakeets mature, they get more and more white in their eyes. By 6 months or so, they have their adult eye configuration. It's not necessarily BRIGHT white on the edges. Here's an image of Ivory, and you can see that there is a ring of lighter color in her eye around the darker pupil.

So really, the only thing you can tell by looking at a parakeet's eyes is if they are "really young" or "not really young". Once they mature, you can't tell how old they are, i.e. that they're one year old or 10 years old.
Parakeet Eyes Photos and Information
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